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101.
Fattorini Lorenzo Franceschi Sara Marcheselli Marzia Pisani Caterina Pratelli Luca 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2023,30(1):103-129
Environmental and Ecological Statistics - In the inverse distance weighting interpolation the interpolated, value is a weighted mean of the sampled values, with weights decreasing with the... 相似文献
102.
Gill T. Braulik Barbara L. Taylor Gianna Minton Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara Tim Collins Lorenzo Rojas-Bracho Enrique A. Crespo Louisa S. Ponnampalam Michael C. Double Randall R. Reeves 《Conservation biology》2023,37(5):e14090
To understand the scope and scale of the loss of biodiversity, tools are required that can be applied in a standardized manner to all species globally, spanning realms from land to the open ocean. We used data from the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List to provide a synthesis of the conservation status and extinction risk of cetaceans. One in 4 cetacean species (26% of 92 species) was threatened with extinction (i.e., critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable) and 11% were near threatened. Ten percent of cetacean species were data deficient, and we predicted that 2–3 of these species may also be threatened. The proportion of threatened cetaceans has increased: 15% in 1991, 19% in 2008, and 26% in 2021. The assessed conservation status of 20% of species has worsened from 2008 to 2021, and only 3 moved into categories of lesser threat. Cetacean species with small geographic ranges were more likely to be listed as threatened than those with large ranges, and those that occur in freshwater (100% of species) and coastal (60% of species) habitats were under the greatest threat. Analysis of odontocete species distributions revealed a global hotspot of threatened small cetaceans in Southeast Asia, in an area encompassing the Coral Triangle and extending through nearshore waters of the Bay of Bengal, northern Australia, and Papua New Guinea and into the coastal waters of China. Improved management of fisheries to limit overfishing and reduce bycatch is urgently needed to avoid extinctions or further declines, especially in coastal areas of Asia, Africa, and South America. 相似文献
103.
Chloride extraction for quality improvement of municipal solid waste incinerator ash for the concrete industry. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Giancarlo Boghetich Lorenzo Liberti Michele Notarnicola Maria Palma Domenico Petruzzelli 《Waste management & research》2005,23(1):57-61
Coal ash from power stations has long been used successfully in the cement industry as binders in several Portland formulations. This is not the case for municipal solid waste (MSW) ash as chloride concentrations, ranging from 10 to 200 g kg(-1) dry weight in the bottom and fly ash, respectively, exceed the maximum allowable concentration in most cement mixtures. To reduce chloride content in MSW bottom ash, a laboratory investigation was carried out based on the exhaustive washing in tap water. The influence of operative parameters such as temperature, granulometric properties and solid/liquid ratio of extraction was evaluated. In addition to optimization of the mentioned operative parameters for full-scale application, the paper gives preliminary indications on mechanistic aspects of the washing operation. 相似文献
104.
Lorenzo Avanzi Lucia Savadori Franco Fraccaroli 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2018,24(1):52-61
Safety performance is recognized as the more proximal and effective precursor of safety outcomes. In particular, safety compliance significantly reduces workplace accidents and injuries. However, it is not entirely clear what role organizational factors play in determining workers’ safety. The present study contributes to defining which organizational factors increase safety compliance by testing a mediational model in which supervisor support is related to safety climate, which in turn is related to organizational identification that finally is related to safety compliance. We tested our hypotheses in a sample of 186 production workers of an Italian manufacturing firm using a cross-sectional design. Findings confirm our hypotheses. Management should consider these organizational factors in order to implement primary prevention practices against work accidents. 相似文献
105.
Lorenzo Serra Simone Pirrello Manuela Caprioli Matteo Griggio Alessandro Andreotti Andrea Romano Andrea Pilastro Nicola Saino Roberto Sacchi Paolo Galeotti Mauro Fasola Fernando Spina Diego Rubolini 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2012,66(5):697-709
In seasonally fluctuating environments, timing of reproduction is a crucial determinant of fitness. Studies of birds show that late breeding attempts generally result in offspring of lower reproductive value, with lower recruitment and long-term survival prospects. Several proximate mechanisms, including a seasonal decline of immune system functioning, may lead to a seasonal decline of offspring fitness. We investigated seasonal variation in offspring quality by subjecting first- and second-brood chicks of a sexually size dimorphic species, the European starling Sturnus vulgaris, to an immune challenge with a bacterial endotoxin (LPS), and evaluated their growth and physiological response in terms of total plasma antioxidant capacity (TAC), concentration of reactive oxygen metabolites and hematocrit. LPS challenge did not affect chick growth or oxidative status. However, hematocrit of second-brood chicks was higher in LPS chicks compared to controls. Body mass halfway through the rearing period (days?8–9 post-hatching), TAC and hematocrit were lower among second- vs. first-brood chicks. Interestingly, sexual dimorphism in body mass at days?8–9 post-hatching markedly differed between broods, first-brood males being 4.7% and second-brood males 22.7% heavier than their sisters, respectively. Pre-fledging mortality occurred among second-brood chicks only and was strongly female-biased. Our findings suggest that starling chicks, even if in poor conditions, are little affected by a bacterial challenge, at least in the short-term. Moreover, our study indicates that sex differences in body size, possibly mediated by sex-specific maternal investment in egg size, may heavily impact on pre-fledging survival in a different way in the course of the breeding season, resulting in sex-specific seasonal decline of offspring fitness. Finally, we suggest that levels of circulating antioxidants should be regarded among the proximate causes of the association between timing of fledging and long-term survival in avian species. 相似文献
106.
D'Alessandro W Bellomo S Parello F Bonfanti P Brusca L Longo M Maugeri R 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(5):2845-2855
Water samples collected from public drinking water supplies in Sicily were analysed for electric conductivity and for their
chloride, sulphate and nitrate contents. The samples were collected as uniformly as possible from throughout the Sicilian
territory, with an average sampling density of about one sample for every 7,600 inhabitants. Chloride contents that ranged
from 5.53 to 1,302 mg/l were correlated strongly with electric conductivity, a parameter used as a proxy for water salinity.
The highest values are attributable to seawater contamination along the coasts of the island. High chloride and sulphate values
attributable to evaporitic rock dissolution were found in the central part of Sicily. The nitrate concentrations ranged from
0.05 to 296 mg/l, with 31 samples (4.7% of the total) exceeding the maximum admissible concentration of 50 mg/l. Anomalous
samples always came from areas of intensive agricultural usage, indicating a clear anthropogenic origin. The same parameters
were also measured in bottled water sold in Sicily, and they all were within the ranges for public drinking water supplies.
The calculated mean nitrate intake from consuming public water supplies (16.1 mg/l) did not differ significantly from that
of bottled water (15.2 mg/l). Although the quality of public water supplies needs to be improved by eliminating those that
do not comply with the current drinking water limits, at present it does not justify the high consumption of bottled water
(at least for nitrate contents). 相似文献
107.
Chiara Gambardella Tina Mesarič Tamara Milivojević Kristina Sepčić Lorenzo Gallus Serena Carbone Sara Ferrando Marco Faimali 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(7):4249-4259
The aim was to investigate the toxicity of selected metal oxide nanoparticles (MO-NPs) on the brine shrimp Artemia salina, by evaluating mortality and behavioural and biochemical responses. Larvae were exposed to tin(IV) oxide (stannic oxide (SnO2)), cerium(IV) oxide (CeO2) and iron(II, III) oxide (Fe3O4) NPs for 48 h in seawater, with MO-NP suspensions from 0.01 to 1.0 mg/mL. Mortality and behavioural responses (swimming speed alteration) and enzymatic activities of cholinesterase, glutathione-S-transferase and catalase were evaluated. Although the MO-NPs did not induce any mortality of the larvae, they caused changes in behavioural and biochemical responses. Swimming speed significantly decreased in larvae exposed to CeO2 NPs. Cholinesterase and glutathione-S-transferase activities were significantly inhibited in larvae exposed to SnO2 NPs, whereas cholinesterase activity significantly increased after CeO2 NP and Fe3O4 NP exposure. Catalase activity significantly increased in larvae exposed to Fe3O4 NPs. In conclusion, swimming alteration and cholinesterase activity represent valid endpoints for MO-NP exposure, while glutathione-S-transferase and catalase activities appear to be NP-specific. 相似文献
108.
The architectural complexity of ecosystems can greatly influence their capacity to support biodiversity and deliver ecosystem services. Understanding the components underlying this complexity can aid the development of effective strategies for ecosystem conservation. Caribbean coral reefs support and protect millions of livelihoods, but recent anthropogenic change is shifting communities toward reefs dominated by stress-resistant coral species, which are often less architecturally complex. With the regionwide decline in reef fish abundance, it is becoming increasingly important to understand changes in coral reef community structure and function. We quantify the influence of coral composition, diversity, and morpho-functional traits on the architectural complexity of reefs across 91 sites at Cozumel, Mexico. Although reef architectural complexity increases with coral cover and species richness, it is highest on sites that are low in taxonomic evenness and dominated by morpho-functionally important, reef-building coral genera, particularly Montastraea. Sites with similar coral community composition also tend to occur on reefs with very similar architectural complexity, suggesting that reef structure tends to be determined by the same key species across sites. Our findings provide support for prioritizing and protecting particular reef types, especially those dominated by key reef-building corals, in order to enhance reef complexity. 相似文献
109.
Coppi Andrea Colzi Ilaria Lastrucci Lorenzo Castellani Maria Beatrice Gonnelli Cristina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(35):52752-52760
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, we evaluated whether the species Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. can be a promising material for devising reliable... 相似文献
110.
Conti Marcelo Enrique Astolfi Maria Luisa Finoia Maria Grazia Massimi Lorenzo Canepari Silvia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(24):36057-36074
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, we determined the levels of elements (i.e. As, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, U, and Zn) in bees and edible beehive products (honey, wax,... 相似文献